Old Portraits of Jews From the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

Until the 1860s, all Jerusalem residents lived within the walls of the Old City. The walls were built in the 16th century by Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, secure in the knowledge that the city gates were locked from sunset to sunrise and that residents were protected from marauding Bedouins. But as Jerusalem's population grew from 9,000 to 18,000 in the first half of the 19th century, new houses spilled outside the walls, and the one-square- mile inside.

Here's a small collection of rare portraits of Jews from the 1870s to 1920s...

1870. Three elderly Jewish men, settlers in Jerusalem. (Photo by Felix Bonfils/Getty Images)

1880. Elderly Jews at the Western, or Wailing, Wall, Jerusalem. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Circa 1885. A group of Ashkenazi jews in Jerusalem. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

1887. A Jewish cobbler ready for Sabbath Eve in a coal cellar in New York, where he is living with his family. This photograph is one of a series taken of New Yorks slums, using the newly invented technique of flashlight photography. (Photo by Jacob A Riis/Getty Images)

Circa 1890. A middle-class Jew from Tangiers in traditional cloak and cummerbund. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Circa 1900. Polish Jews. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

1900. English Jewish immigrants await inspection at Ellis Island, New York, before entering the United States. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

October 1, 1900. Members of Hashomer, a Jewish security organization dedicated to protecting pioneering Zionist settlements, pose with their rifles in the community of Rehovot during the Ottoman rule of Palestine in what would later become the State of Israel. (Photo by GPO via Getty Images)

1905. A young Russian Jewish immigrant at Ellis Island, New York. (Photo by Lewis W Hine/Getty Images)

October 1, 1907. Members of Hashomer, a Jewish security organization dedicated to protecting pioneering Zionist settlements, pose with their rifles in the Upper Galilee during the Ottoman rule of Palestine in what would later become the State of Israel. (Photo by GPO via Getty Images)

Circa 1915. A Jewish boy sewing at his home in East London. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Circa 1915. Jewish stone masons at work. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Circa 1917. A bearded Jewish man stands in a cobbled street in Palestine. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

17th October 1917. Moses Shackman, centre, with members of the Jewish East End Shelter Corps. Their hats are labelled in Yiddish and English. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images)

Circa 1918. The medical and administrative staff of the American Zionist Medical Unit in New York. They are holding the flags of the United States and the Zionist Movement side by side. The group were active in Palestine at the time. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

1919. Jewish men in Whitechapel, east London, march in protest against the killing of Jews in Poland. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images)

Circa 1925. An elderly Jewish couple en route to Palestine. (Photo by Henry Guttmann/Getty Images)

Circa 1925. Two Russian Jewish refugees. One of the men is looking at his watch. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Circa 1925. Jewish peasants sawing wood. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)