What Was the Early Sign of Civilization in Ancient Times?

Years ago, anthropologist Margaret Mead was posed an intriguing question by a student: What, she was asked, was the first sign of civilization in an ancient culture? The student anticipated an answer focused on material artifacts—perhaps fishhooks, clay pots, or grinding stones.

But Mead’s response was far more profound. She said that the true marker of early civilization was a healed femur, a thighbone that had been broken and then mended. She explained that in the animal kingdom, a broken leg typically means death. Without the ability to flee from predators, access water, or hunt for food, an injured animal becomes easy prey. Survival with a broken bone is virtually impossible without aid.

A healed femur, Mead explained, signifies something extraordinary: it means that someone stayed behind to help the injured. Someone had bound the wound, transported the person to safety, and cared for them throughout their recovery. This act of compassion and cooperation, Mead argued, is the true beginning of civilization.

According to Mead, our greatest moments of civilization arise when we extend our care and support to others in their time of need. In essence, we truly exemplify our humanity when we serve one another. This, Mead suggested, is the essence of what it means to be civilized.

In the words of Ira Byock, “We are at our best when we serve others. Be civilized.”