In the early 1960s, Spain was under the authoritarian rule of General Francisco Franco, who had held power since the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939. The country remained politically isolated from much of Europe, but it was beginning to open up economically.
With the 1959 Stabilization Plan, Spain shifted from autarky to a more liberal, market-oriented economy, leading to the so-called “Spanish Miracle”—a period of rapid industrial growth and modernization.
Despite economic progress, civil liberties were restricted, censorship was widespread, and political opposition was suppressed. Traditional Catholic values heavily influenced public life, while tourism and foreign investment started to change the cultural and social landscape.
These wonderful Kodachrome slides, taken by C. E. Hablutzel and discovered by
David Pirmann, beautifully capture street scenes in Spain in 1961.
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| Barcelona Bullring, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona fountains, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona view from Columbus column, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona view from Columbus column, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona view from Tibidabo, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona. Basílica de la Sagrada Família, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona. La Pedrera - Casa Milà, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona. Las Ramblas, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona. Plaça de Catalunya, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona. Santa María, Spain, 1961 |
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| Barcelona. The Columbus Monument, Spain, 1961 |
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| Ávila, Spain, 1961 |
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| Córdoba, Spain, 1961 |
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| Córdoba, Spain, 1961 |
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| Córdoba, Spain, 1961 |
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| Granada, Spain, 1961 |
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| La Coruña City Hall, Spain, 1961 |
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| La Coruña, Spain, 1961 |
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| Madrid view, Spain, 1961 |
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| Madrid. Avenida Jose Antonio, Spain, 1961 |
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| Madrid. El Retiro Park, Spain, 1961 |
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| Málaga Palm Sunday parade, Spain, 1961 |
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| Málaga Palm Sunday parade, Spain, 1961 |
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| Málaga view, Spain, 1961 |
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| Málaga, Spain, 1961 |
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| Mallorca Valldemossa Monastery, Spain, 1961 |
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| Mallorca, Spain, 1961 |
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| Mallorca. Porto Cristo, Spain, 1961 |
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| Sagunto ruins, Spain, 1961 |
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| San Sebastián, Spain, 1961 |
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| San Sebastián, Spain, 1961 |
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| San Sebastián, Spain, 1961 |
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| San Sebastián, Spain, 1961 |
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| San Sebastián, Spain, 1961 |
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| Santander, Spain, 1961 |
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| Santander, Spain, 1961 |
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| Seville Feria, Spain, 1961 |
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| Seville, Spain, 1961 |
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| Toledo, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia bull fight, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia Cathedral, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia Fallas, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia Fallas, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia Fallas, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia Fallas, Spain, 1961 |
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| Valencia. Pza Caudillo-City Hall with tram, Spain, 1961 |
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